In centrifugal pumps, as with all turbomachines, there is a main element called the impeller, rotating an angular velocity around the fixed axis. The simplest form of the centrifugal impeller is obtained by centrally (radial) wings between two parallel discs. In addition, one of the discs is thickening around the axis and connects to a mile. As stated in the following figure, a fluid particle inside the impeller rotates around the rotational axis with the speed of U = rωwith the wheel, while on the other, it moves according to the wheel with the W-speed and leaves. U gets the name of the relative velocity of environmental velocity, W.
When a fluid-filled impeller starts spinning around the axis, it begins to emerge from the fluid B surface under the influence of centrifugal forces. Thus, the fluid absorbed from the surface of the E is printed out from the surface B.
The flow seen by a rotating observer with the wheel will differ from the flow of the observer in the motionless environment. The velocity of a particle moving within the flow, according to a stationary observer in the motionless environment, has the absolute speed, the speed relative speed that the wheel sees at the point where an observer is spinning with the wheel.
Absolute speed is the vectorial sum of C, W, and u speeds. With the intensity and direction of the W and u speeds, they form a rectangular edge. This threshold represents the absolute velocity of the rectangle's diagonal. The edges of the rectangle indicate the relative velocity of W and the ambient speed of u, depending on the intensity and direction of violence. Thus, these three speeds form a triangle. In calculations, an infinite number of very thin wings are acted on the thought. In this case, it is acceptable that the flow yarns are fully monitored and that the feed is one dimensional. In case of non-impact input, the start of the wing is tangent to the relative velocity of input. With another expression, the rate of W1, which makes a β1 angle with the intake chamber of the pumps, is in the same direction as the wing profile. Likewise, the W2 speed, which makes a β2 angle with the end of the wing exit, is in the same direction. The direction of the input depends on the direction of the first wing element in the entry and the orientation of the speed of entry when the entry is requested to be carried out without distortion and thus preventing losses. In pumps, the blade ends under the β2 angle of the W2 relative speed.