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Dadah antidepresan
Kemurungan adalah salah satu daripada gangguan psikiatri yang paling biasa dengan kekerapan kejadian sepanjang hayat. Hampir setiap 5 orang akan tertekan sebagai satu penyakit yang memerlukan rawatan klinikal dalam tempoh hayat. Ubat-ubatan yang dipanggil antidepresan yang ditetapkan untuk pesakit yang terperangkap dalam gangguan ini oleh pakar psikiatri.
Dalam proses kemurungan, antidepresan digunakan untuk menambah bahan-bahan yang menurun dalam otak pesakit (noradrenaline, seratonin dan dopamine).
Ubat antidepressant membantu pesakit untuk pulih dari proses kemurungan dengan memastikan baki bahan ini di dalam otak.
Kumpulan dadah ini adalah ketagihan,bertentangan dengan hukum umum yang diterima pakai dalam masyarakat. Orang-orang yang menggunakan ubat-ubatan ini tidak merasa kekurangan keinginan untuk menggunakan ubat-ubat ini, kerana mereka tidak mengambil ubat-ubatan mereka. Walau bagaimanapun, ia adalah salah satu daripada perkara-perkara yang penting untuk terus diangkat sehingga doktor diganggu oleh ubat-ubatan. Oleh yang demikian, adalah mustahil untuk pesakit untuk mengurangkan ubat-ubatan mereka dengan hawa nafsu mereka sendiri, menyebabkan kesan-kesan yang tidak dijangka. Tetapi bertentangan dengan tidak diketahui, mereka bukan ubat-ubatan yang pesakitperlu menggunakan seluruh kehidupan mereka. Secara umumnya, mereka secara beransur-ansur ditinggalkan dalam kawalan doktor selepas satu setengah tahun penggunaan.
Kerana kemurungan pesakit cenderung untuk meninggalkan jenis ubat pada masa ini gejala kemurungan ini, keadaan ini menimbulkan masalah yang besar dari segi kesinambungan rawatan. Jika gejala-gejala dihapuskan dengan serta-mertadan gejala-gejala yang berulang-ulang, ubat mesti diguna selama satu setengah tahun.
Ia tidak menunjukkan kesan sebagai ubat antidepressant yang digunakan. Selepas penggunaan pertama, kesan mula menunjukkan kira-kira 4-6 minggu kemudian. Oleh itu, ramai pesakit mengatakan bahawa ubat ini tidak berkesan, sama ada bahagian dan penggunaan dadah atau merujuk kepada doktor untuk menggunakan ubat-ubatan lain. Antidepresan adalah bukan ubat-ubatan yang memberi tumpuan kepada memberi kebahagiaan, bertentangan dengan penerimaan umum. Ia boleh menyebabkan kesan buruk oleh mempengaruhi tahap bahan yang terdapat di otak, keranamereka tidak membantu orang-orang yang merasa gembira apabila mereka digunakan oleh orang-orang yang tidak mempunyai gejala-gejala kemurungan. Oleh itu, iatidak disyorkan untuk digunakan tanpa kawalan doktor. Penggunaan ubat antidepressant membantu pesakit mendedahkan personaliti-personaliti yang sebenar daripada gejala-gejala kemurungan, apabila mereka tidak berubah personaliti.
Ubat antidepressant selalunya boleh digunakan dalam memerangi beberapa masalah psikiatrik lain kerana mereka gunakan apabila gejala kemurungan berlaku.
Penyakit-penyakit ini adalah fobia sosial, gangguan kompulsif kejengkelan, Post-traumatic gangguan tekanan, gangguan makan, sakit kronik dan kecelaruan panik.
Detik-detik antidepresan dibahagikan kepada klasik antidepresan dan antidepresangenerasi baru.
Klasik antidepresan, imipamine, Mianserin, bupropion, Klomipamine,Moklobemid, Amitriptilin, Opipramol dan Trazodon bahan-bahan aktif dan disediakan secara komersial dengan nama label lain. Ubat antidepressant generasi baru akan tianeptin, Mirtazapin, Paroxectin, Fluvokamine, venlafaxine, Rebokectin, Essitalopram, Agomelatin, sertraline, Fluoxectin, Milnacipran dan Cytalopram adalah bahan-bahan aktif dan secara komersial pelbagai label nama pasaran.
Klasik antidepresan dan antidepresan generasi baru mempunyai kesan yang sama tentang membetulkan gejala kemurungan, walaupun generasi baru antidepresan mempunyai kesan sampingan yang lebih sedikit daripada pakar-pakar perubatan lebih suka lebih.
Kerana dengan semua ubat-ubatan, terdapat kesan-kesan sampingan ubat antidepressant.
Titik penting di sini adalah untuk menggunakan ubat-ubatan ini dalam kawalan doktor dan mematuhi cadangan-cadangan perubatan yang dibuat oleh doktor. Ubat antidepressant klasik mempunyai kesan sampingan seperti kekeringan mulut,pening, sleepiness, sensasi menurun keinginan seks lelaki, sembelit, berdebar-debardan pertambahan berat badan. Ia tidak digalakkan untuk menggunakan ubat-ubatan ini pada pesakit dengan penyakit jantung. Generasi baru ubat antidepressant mempunyai kesan sampingan yang sama, tetapi insiden dan keterukan kesan sampingan ini akan kurang.
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