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Qu'est-ce que le numéro pi?
Pi est un nombre très intéressant qui est d'une grande importance pour tout processus mathématique. Dans de nombreux calculs de mathématiques, par exemple; Nous avons rencontré le nombre de pi, comme les cercles, les ressorts, le pendule ...
En général, le nombre le plus simple de pi est largement utilisé, bien qu'il ne signifie pas grand-chose. Ce nombre est en fait un rapport et est obtenu à partir du diamètre du périmètre du cercle. Ce taux est connu comme 3,14. Vous pouvez mesurer vous-même, comme trouver des objets circulaires à la maison, mais assurez-vous qu'il est aussi grand que possible. Disons juste que vous avez un verre, si vous mesurez la circonférence du verre d'abord, puis diviser le diamètre, vous obtenez toujours le résultat de 3,14. Bien sûr, il est nécessaire de faire une mesure vraiment précise pour le fait que le résultat est proche.
La preuve de pi correspond à une distance de 4 pouces lorsqu'un cercle avec un diamètre de 1,27 pouces est ouvert linéairement. 4 pouces (périmètre)/1,27 (diamètre) = 3,14 comme convenu.
Comme on le voit, le nombre pi est essentiellement une base très simple et est un taux constant qui ne peut pas être changé. Mais puisque pi est aussi un nombre irrationnel, il ne peut jamais être exprimé dans un schéma entier fini et contient un nombre infini de nombres répétés après une virgule. Depuis les Babyloniens, ils sont connus pour être conscients de l'existence de PI dans le Moyen-Orient et les civilisations méditerranéennes. Différentes civilisations anciennes ont utilisé des nombres différents pour le nombre de pi. Par exemple, en raison de 2000 BC, les Babyloniens utilisaient π = 3 1/8 et les anciens Egyptiens étaient π = 256/81, soit environ 3, 1605. Néanmoins, il n'est pas compris que πis un nombre irrationnel pour un temps très long. En 1761, la preuve publiée par Johann Heinrich Lambert s'est avérée être un nombre irrationnel de constantes. Dans l'utilisation quotidienne, il y a un nombre infini de chiffres qui ne se répètent pas périodiquement pour exprimer la vraie valeur, bien qu'il soit simplement exprimé comme 3,1416. La décimale résiste aux premiers 65 chiffres sont les suivants:
3, 14159 26535 89793 23846 26433 83279 50288 41971 69399 37510 58209 74944 5923
Aujourd'hui, plusieurs compétitions sont tenues pour calculer le nombre maximum de pi après la virgule. L'enregistrement est maintenant connu pour être 73 milliards chiffres après la virgule.
Histoire
Le nombre de PI était connu par la Babylonie, les anciens Egyptiens et de nombreuses civilisations anciennes. Ils se sont rendu compte que le périmètre de tous les cercles était égal à un nombre fixe de ses parties. La présence de ce nombre fixe permet maintenant le calcul du périmètre de chaque cercle connu. Vers 2000 av. j.-c., les Babyloniens utilisaient le numéro de p 31/8 ou 3,125. Dans la Grèce antique, la racine carrée a été utilisée en nombres de 10 ou 3,162. Archimède (B.C. 287 – 212) a utilisé le nombre de 3 10/71 et 3 1/7 en tant que numéro de P.
En 500 A.D., il a utilisé 3,1415929 pour P numéro. En 1424, les seize chiffres après la virgule ont été correctement connus en Iran. En 1596, l'allemand Ludolph van Ceulen calcula les vingt chiffres après la virgule de P, et ce nombre était connu comme la constante Ludolph en Europe. Après cette date, le nombre de P a été calculé par les milliards de chiffres après la virgule.
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