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Ki je Arhimed?

Arhimed je bil rojen sicilijanske grški matematik, astronom, fizik, filozof, inženir, ki je živel med 287-212 BC Dvižna sila vode, ki naj bi ugotovila, v kopel je najbolj znanihprispevek k znanosti, ampak oče sestavni izračuna po številnih matematičnih zgodovinarjev je Arhimed.

 

Ko Roman splošna Marcellus oblegali Sirakuza, je bil prisiljen sprejeti mesto zaradi orožja, inženir imenom Arhimed naredila. Večina od njih so bile mehanske sklope in so bili namenjeni za navdih nekaj znanstvenih pravil. Na primer, s pomočjo valjev, zelo težkimi kamni so izkopali v grmovje in vrgel proč s katapulti. To je tudi govorica, da je Arhimed spali Rimska vojna mornarica z uporabo ogledala. Vendar, v 212 BC, Rimljani zasegli na Sirakuza in ubil Arhimed skupaj z drugih naprednih prejeme mesta.Je dejal, medtem, Arhimed razmišljala o reševanju problema je narisal na zemlji, in je povedal rimski vojak, ki približala moral oditi in mu pusti pri miru; Vendar vojak ubil takoj, ignoriranje Arhimed. Rimski general je bil zelo razburjen z umor to zelo nadarjen znanstvenik, kjer zgodovina je redka pasma.

 

Arhimed je fizik, matematik in filozof. Je bilo ugotovljeno v Aleksandriji za nekaj časa v svoji mladosti, kjer je postal prijatelj z Eratosten, in potem je dobil pisma z njim. Izumi na področju mehanskih Arhimed vključujejo krmnih valji, neskončno vijaki, hidravlični vijaki in kurjenje ogledala. On je zapustil veliko dela na področju geometrijematematike, ki prispeva k statične in hidrostatični področjih fizike.

 

Eden od najpomembnejših prispevkov za geometrijo je, da se izkaže, da površina krogle je enaka 4ΠR2 in volumen je πr3 4/3. Je pokazala, da je vrednost pi med 3 L/7 in 3 10/71, ki dokazuje, da je območje stanovanje enaka obodom tega kroga in njegove višine enaka polmer trikotniku.

 

Eden od najsposobnejših Arhimedovega matematičnih dosežkov je razvoj nekaterihmetod najti področja ukrivljenimi površinami. Parabola cut rezanje pravokotnik, medtem ko je neskončno malo približal račun. Neskončno malo račun je lahko dodalimajhen kos najmanjši del, ki lahko matematično zasnovan v polju. Ta račun je zelo veliko datumske vrednosti. Pozneje je osnova za razvoj sodobne matematike in oblikujejo dobro podlago za razlike in integral calculus ugotovljeno Newton in Leibniz.

 

Arhimed je dokazano, da je prostor parabole, rezano z metodo kvartil enaka 4/3 polja trikotnika z enako osnovo in višino, v svoji knjigi, ki je quadruentation Parabolin.

 

Znanstvenik, ki razkriva načela ravnotežja, za prvič je Arhimed. Nekatere od teh načel vključujejo:

 

Enako uteži so uravnotežena enaka orožja.

Neenako uteži ostanejo uravnoteženi, ko je izpolnjen naslednji pogoj v neenako orožja: F1 · A = F2 · b

Glede na njegovo delo, je dejal, "mi oporo, bomo se preselijo na zemlji."

 

Arhimed je najti tudi pravo na ravnotežje tekočin, prepoznal lastno ime. Rečeno je, da en dan, je kralj Hieron II je bil sum mešanja srebro v zlato krono, ki Juvelir naredila,in rešitev tega problema je bila prenesena v Archibiet. Čeprav je imel veliko misli, Arhimed, ki ni mogel razbrati problem, odšel v kopel za kopanje, čutiti svojo težo zmanjšalo v kadi, in je dejal, "Sem našel to," je skočil iz kopeli. Zanima me, kaj je našel Archişet. Predmet potopljen v vodo bi shujšati toliko, kot masa vode, ki ga je nosil, in vode, ki je bila namenjena krono je bil v primerjavi z vodo, ki je zadet krono in bi lahko rešili problem.

 

Pred Arhimedovega raziskave, je bilo znano, da prestol plaval ampak železa potopil;Vendar to ni bilo pojasnjeno. Arhimedovega zakona je pokazala, da ni prostora za naključja v naravi, da enake rezultate bomo dosegli vedno pod enakimi pogoji. Arhimed, 23 stoletji, našel zelo blizu razumevanje sodobne znanstveni pristop, statični in hidrostatični zakoni, ki veljajo danes, in so jih pridobile pravico, da postane ena od treh največjih junakov v zgodovini znanosti.


 

Arshimedes's Defense Syracuse

 

216 BC, Arhimed presegla 70 let, rekel, da je bil kralj Hieron Siracusa mrtev, eden odnjegovih sorodnikov. Ob koncu druge vojne Pön, mesto je bil poražen in Carthage dogovorili, da združiti. Na vrhu, da Rimljani poslal Claudius Marcellus, eden od njenihznanih konzul osebe, da Siracusa z vojsko.

Stari Arhimed, ki nikoli ne so bili vključeni v politiko svojega dela, sam je dal tiho inmirno življenje. Vendar rojaki, ki so občudovali njegovo modrost in inteligenco, želela pomagal braniti mesto. Arhimed je strinjal, da ta poziv z ne želijo.

 

Rimljani niso ne odlaša, učenje svoje ustvarjalne sposobnosti kot izumitelja in inženirja. En dan, Roman vojna, ki je privabilo do mestnega obzidja na obali, nenadoma naletel velikan, monstruozne klešče. Orodje, ki je prišel iz zadnjega dela stene je razbil med svojo čeljusti kot je zgrabil ladje iz loka. Delovnih načel tega orodja, ki delujejo s pomočjo ročice in rotacijski jermenice, so pokazala Arhimed. Tako mehanizem vzvoda je bila izvedena kot načelo časa.

 

Medtem, velikan katapulti, ki se nahaja za zidovi so bili težki puščice in kamenje na sovražnika. Se rušijo jambor ladje, ki imajo luknje v krovu in cevi, ki spadajo na ladji, sovražnik utrpela velike izgube.

 

Rečeno je, da je Arhimed odražajo sončni žarki na sovražnika z velikim ogledalom iniz ladje na ogenj. Ampak ta zgodba, ki je zelo težko verjeti, morda ni nič drugega kot mit.

 

Vendar pa stroji, ki je Arhimed so oči Rimljani, ki so bili tako dolgo, ko so videli vrv ali palico na stenah, bili so kričal in beži. Claudius Marcellus razume, da svoje inženirjine bi mogla obvladati z njegov sovražnik, ali je občudoval, ali ne. "Zakaj boj s to velikan matematike? Sedi na obali in uničuje naše flote, kot on naredi zabavno od nas!"on je rekel, in Siracuza sprejela popolno blokado.

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