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Storia del carbone

Gli sviluppi nel campo dell'industria sono stati spruzzati dalla Gran-Bretagna ai paesi esterni. Dall'inizio del diciottesimo secolo, la Francia ha seguito gli sviluppi tecnici in Gran-Bretagna con interesse ed ha trasmesso un industriale giovane oltre il manş.

 

La missione dei giovani industriali era di esaminare i nuovi metodi applicati nelle imprese minerarie. I francesi, che hanno imparato il capitalismo inglese, hanno avuto l'entusiasmo di dire nella vita economica del paese e di ottenere più iniziativa. La resistenza disperata del Loncads e pregiudizi dei nobili aveva perso ora il loro potere precedente. Tra gli azionisti delle miniere Anzin (1757) dalle prime aziende a ripartire le scorte, vi erano altri Croy, Caronte e Choulnes Duchi nella borghesia. Il ministro delle finanze Turgot ha anche sostenuto iniziative speciali. Nuove forme di prestito, la borsa di Parigi e 1757 ′ prima società francese di trasporto navale di assicurazione nello stabilimento, la proliferazione delle fabbriche è diventato il piede anteriore.

 

Il lavoro del dipartimento del lavoro nelle fabbriche si sta gradualmente assestando, la produzione di massa stava aumentando. Nel frattempo, nel 1777, il primo "Jenny" a Rouen è entrato l'operazione, e non si passa il segnale. In tutti i paesi d'Europa, l'industria di base era ancora l'abbigliamento e l'artiglieria. Più precisamente, erano i re a dare la priorità a queste industrie. Di conseguenza, le prime scuole tecniche sono state stabilite (il primo era 1745 ′ dentro Brunswick (la Germania) e gli assistenti tecnici di estrazione mineraria hanno cominciato ad essere coltivati. Per lo stesso motivo, gli scienziati hanno sentito la necessità di appoggiarsi a questa tecnica. L'importanza di queste aree è dovuta al fatto che l'industria mineraria è venuto principalmente nella produzione di armi e l'industria tessitura era sia vestita nell'esercito e guadagnando guadagni nei mercati esteri.

 

La Gran Bretagna ha pagato a caro prezzo per essere il primo paese a sviluppare queste industrie. Le alte fornaci usate per separare il ferro dal minerale minerale stavano inghiottindo il legno di golosità, d'altra parte, l'alto guadagno fornito dall'industria della lana ha condotto i proprietari terrieri per pascolare le loro colture per alimentare il loro bestiame. Non avevano nemmeno paura di tagliare le foreste. Il resto delle foreste è stato inghiottito dall'industria estrattiva. Era nei posti di tutta la foresta Dean. Se va così, non sarà nemmeno in grado di gettare un ramoscello in quelle bocche avidi. La Gran Bretagna deve portare il ferro dalla Svezia a causa delle proprie mine?

 

Qui alle 1625, un giovane di nome Dudley si stava ponendo questa domanda. A Birmingham, il capo di una fabbrica appartenente a suo padre, le foreste circostanti, è stato visto come la produzione cadde. In questo caso, era necessario trovare un'altra sostanza infiammabile dal legno. Potrebbe essere stato carbone? Dal momento che non aveva ruoli fino a quel giorno, non avevamo quasi mai menzionato la miniera di carbone. Il popolo dell'antichità usava pochissimo del mio carbone; Perché avevano schiavi per scaldare le loro case, e per ottenere un sacco di legno e potenza meccanica. Soltanto il carbone usato cinese per cuocere la porcellana, particolarmente. In breve, non si è verificato a chiunque di approfittare delle miniere di carbone a meno che non fosse obbligatorio. A partire dal dodicesimo secolo, le preoccupazioni circa il legno sono cominciate. Riscaldamento, casalinghi, vasi e macchinari erano simili alle radici delle foreste; Allora il problema del combustibile è venuto pricipalmente nelle zone industriali quali il Belgio, l'Inghilterra, Ruhr. Ma come ha fatto la gente anche pensare alla "pietra nera" che sono stati sottovalutando tutto questo tempo?

 

Rumor ce l'ha, dobbiamo il carbone ad un fabbro belga di nome Houillos. Uomo (nel 1197) un giorno, quando era seduto all'inizio del forno spento e pensato di terra nera, un uomo dai capelli scuri, barbuto vecchio, che ha visto il fabbro così disperato di vederlo, "il mio amico", ha detto, "Vai alla montagna vicina, scavare il terreno, Ferro Troverete una vena di terra nera da battere. Colui che ha sentito che, Houillos corse, ha fatto quello che il vecchio ha detto. Dopo di che, la stufa è bruciata e il vaccino è cotto. Houillos non ha esitato a rivelare il suo segreto agli altri-così hanno chiamato questa pietra nera "Houil" in francese. Questi sono i fatti della verità, non obbediscono, è certo: le miniere di carbone belghe sono state operate dal 1224. La Gran Bretagna nel 1239 a Newcastle, in Francia nel 1320 ′ Rochela-Molière, in Germania nel 1429, la Ruhr ha cominciato a operare miniere di carbone.

 

Purtroppo, il carbone Estratto da questi depositi è stato basso, ed è stata un'essenza demoniaca a causa dell'odore di zolfo, che ha causato alcune malattie, causando danni alla pelle delle signoré, contaminando il bucato, ecc... Si credeva. Così, fino al 1340, tuttavia, un numero raro di persone ha osato usarlo.

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