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Uppfinningen av kompassen, hur fungerar kompassen?
Oavsett var vi är i världen, kan vi alltid hitta vår väg genom kompassen i ett mycketenkelt sätt. Även om vi var mitt i havet, skulle det ta oss ett par sekunder att hitta vår väg genom denna enkla enhet. Kompassen har numera alltid enklast trots att det finns mycket sofistikerade enheter såsom GPS-satelliter. Kompassen har en magnetisk pil som är balanserad och placerade på toppen av nålen så att det kan röra sig nästan utan friktion. Denna pil, tack vare magnetism på jordens norra magnetfält (North magnetism), visar alltid norr.
Vi kan betrakta världen som en stor magnet. Det magnetiska fältet i världen är riktad till en viss ordning i bildandet processen och visar ett magnet kännetecken. Följaktligen riktas nordpolen som S. Sydpolen riktas också mot N. Bokstäverna N och S används i magneter är också inspirerade av Nord- och sydpolerna.
Kompassen är markerad som N, norr om pilen, och norr om kompassen drar norra världen från principen om olika polackerna drar varandra. För att känna detta skott på ytan av världen med en diameter av 8000 mil, kompasspilen är extremt lätta och inte friktionsfritt. Annars skulle det inte vara möjligt att navigera genom magnetfältet.
Längs hela axeln av världen, kompassen fungerar inte med 100% noggrannhet, vissaområden avvikande. Dessa regioner och hur mycket avvikelse visas i detaljerade kartor.
Ett övervägande när du använder kompassen är avsaknad av metallföremål som kananvändas för att skapa magnetiska fält runt den. Om magnetfältet runt kompassenhar ett objekt som är större än ytan av jorden, är kompasspilen riktad mot objektet.Detta innebär också felaktig mätning.
Historia
Kineserna uppfann kompassen i 100 e.Kr. Upptäckten av kompassen ägde rum frånprincipen att ett frigjort objekt skulle ledas norrut i en miljö med magnetisk.
I Frankrike nämndes första kompassen i 1200. Det följdes av Island i 1207, Englandoch 1213. Kompassen hade en primitiv struktur. Den första betydande utvecklingenvar Pierre de Maricourt (1269). Efter han satte nålen i en metall pinne, planterade han det i en transparent och graderade låda.
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