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Какво е Wankel двигател? Как работи това?

Wankel двигател е двигател, разработен от немския инженер Феликс Wankel в 1954. Двигателят е първият, доведени до NSU фирма в Некарсулм в Германия през 1957. В Wankel двигател е за първи път сглобени в NSU паяк марка превозно средство в 1963. В 1967, NSU ro 80 прие двоен диск Wankel мотор. NSU ро 80 е с обем на двигателя 2 × 497, 5 cm3. В 5500 d/d, 136 HP е генериране на енергия. Теглото на двигателя е 103 кг. Коефициентът на сгъстяване е 9/1. През тези години, различни от NSU, японската Toyo Kogyo компанията произвежда електрически генериращи кола с Wankel двигател. В 1972, американската компания GM започна да използва Wankel двигател 185hp за разработване на Wankel двигател за 5 години от разходите 50 000 000 долара в колите си. Отново, американската компания Форд е направил няколко споразумения за използването на Wankel двигател в собствените си превозни средства. Отделно от тези, Datsun в Холандия, Ролс-Ройс във Великобритания и Alfa Romeo компании в Италия се интересуват от Wankel двигател. В днешно време, Mazda компанията използва този двигател в Rx7 и Rx8 модел.

 

Експлоатация на Wankel мотор

Вътрешната структура на Wankel мотор е много по-лесно, отколкото нормален двигател, в противоречие с мисълта. В овално тяло, въртящ се ротор (ротационен бутало) (в зависимост от дизайна може да се 2-3-4 ротор) и разпределителен вал (разпределителен вал е работа на коляновия вал в 4 тактови двигатели). 4-цилиндров, 16-клапанов, 2-Cam национален липсва сложни движещи се части в съответствие с модерен двигател. Роторът е прикрепен към главния вал на мотора с помощта на интериор и външна предавка. Засмукване, компресия, работа и изпускателната пъти се формират около ротора, докато двигателят работи. Най-голямото предизвикателство на двигателя също е причинено от това. Поради много бързото износване на ротора, той трябва да бъде заменен често. Като цяло, на ротора ръбове, изработени от полимерни материали все още не са произведени от трудно вещество да се носят.

 

Wankel Моторс работят в съответствие с принципите на четири време. Всеки път, когато пълен цикъл на ротора, работа се появява в съответствие с четири-тактов двигател във всеки бункер. Разпределителен вал ще се върне в три цикъла през това време. Работата е както следва. Контролът на мотора се осигурява чрез тръбата в корпуса на корпуса. Роторът е разположен върху камера на разпределителен вал. Вътрешната страна на ротора пиньон резба, която е защитена във вътрешността на корпуса, е схванал от съоръжението, което се отваря. Роторът се закръгля върху подвижно зъбно колело. Създава се въртяща сила на разпределителен вал при търкаляне. Това ротационно движение на разпределителен вал се предава на шунта. В допълнение към водно охлаждане на тялото на двигателя, запалителни свещи са разположени на противоположната страна на всмукване и изпускателните тръби.

 

Модели на автомобили с Wankel мотор

 

За да се предотврати вибрациите на автомобили, използващи този двигател, 2 бутала обикновено се използват. 4-Тактовият двигател прави много по-гладка крива на въртящия момент от двигателите с 4-тактов тип, правейки смукателните засядания-разширителни работи заедно по време на един цикъл. Това го прави много по-гъвкави при внезапно ускорение или изпреварване. Но най-голямата пречка за развитието на този двигател е, че има много износване. Буталото е триъгълна и предава мощност директно на коляновия вал, без междинен елемент (Биел) въртящи се в хода на буталото. В същото време, на бутални ъгли на хода на буталото ще се обърнат към драскотини и триене увеличава, тъй като скоростта се увеличава. С неговото действие, буталото е силно износване поради невъзможността за смазване при високи скорости. Ако буталото може да бъде достатъчно трудно да се изгради, мисля, че този двигател е много по-популярна и ще доведе до нов пробив в автомобилостроенето.

 

Например, Mazda RX-8 900-килограмова превозно средство с 1,3-литров обем на цилиндъра, който Добавих по-долу. 1,3-литровият мотор не трябва да се подценява, защото използва Wankel двигател за производство на 231hp мощност при 8200 об/мин. И не използва турбо или компресор, докато правите това. Така че въздухът навлиза в двигателя атмосферни. Максималният въртящ момент на превозното средство е 211nm при 5500 об/мин. За да се постигне тази мощност с типичен тип мотор, бих прогноза, че 3-литров цилиндър двигател ще се изисква.

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