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O que é o motor Wankel? Como é que funciona?

O motor Wankel é um motor desenvolvido pelo engenheiro alemão Felix Wankel em 1954. O motor foi trazido primeiramente à empresa de NSU em Neckarsulm em Germany em 1957. O motor Wankel foi montado pela primeira vez no veículo da marca da aranha NSU em 1963. Em 1967, NSU ro 80 adotou o motor Dual-Disc Wankel. O NSU ro 80 tinha um volume de motor de 2 × 497, 5 cm3. Em 5500 d/d, 136 HP estava gerando energia. O peso do motor foi de 103 kg. A taxa de compressão era 9/1. Nesses anos que não NSU, a companhia japonesa Toyo Kogyo produziu um carro gerador de energia com o motor Wankel. Em 1972, a empresa americana GM começou a usar um motor Wankel 185hp para desenvolver o motor Wankel em 5 anos, gastando 50 milhões dólares em seus carros. Mais uma vez, a empresa americana Ford fez vários acordos para o uso do motor Wankel em seus próprios veículos. Aparte destes, Datsun em Holland, Rolls-Royce em Grâ Bretanha e em companhias de Alfa Romeo em Italy estavam interessados no motor de Wankel. Hoje em dia, a empresa Mazda usa este motor no modelo RX7 e RX8.

 

Funcionamento do motor Wankel

A estrutura interna do motor Wankel é muito mais simples do que um motor normal, contrariamente ao pensamento. Em um corpo oval, um rotor rotativo (pistão rotativo) (dependendo do projeto também pode ser 2-3-4 rotor) e eixo de cames (eixo de came é o trabalho do virabrequim em 4 motores de curso). 4 cilindros, 16 válvulas, 2-Cam nacional está faltando peças móveis complexas de acordo com um motor moderno. O rotor é anexado ao eixo principal do motor com a ajuda de um interior e uma engrenagem externa. A sucção, a compressão, o trabalho e os tempos de exaustão são formados em torno do rotor desde que o motor esteja funcionando. O maior desafio do motor também é causado por isso. Devido ao desgaste muito rápido do rotor, deve ser substituído freqüentemente. Geralmente, as bordas do rotor feitas do material polimérico não são fabricadas ainda por uma substância difícil de desgastar.

 

Wankel Motors estão trabalhando de acordo com quatro-tempo princípios. Toda vez que um ciclo completo do rotor, um trabalho ocorre de acordo com o motor de quatro tempos em cada funil. O eixo de cames estará de volta em três ciclos, entretanto. O trabalho é o seguinte. O controle do motor é fornecido através do duto na carcaça do compartimento. O rotor está posicionado em uma came da came. O lado interno do rotor roscado do pinhão, que é fixado dentro do corpo da carcaça, é agarrado pela engrenagem que é aberta. O rotor é arredondado sobre a engrenagem de pinhão fixo. Cria uma força rotativa na came quando rola. Este movimento rotacional do eixo de cames é transmitido para o shunt. Além do corpo de motor arrefecido a água, as velas de ignição estão localizadas no lado oposto dos dutos de sucção e exaustão.

 

Modelos de carro usando Wankel motor

 

Aranha NSU

NSU ro-80

Mazda R-100

Mazda RX-7

Mazda RX-8

 

A fim impedir a vibração nos carros que usam este motor, 2 pistões são usados geralmente. O motor de 4 tempos desenha uma curva de torque muito mais suave do que os motores de tipo de 4 tempos, fazendo com que a aspiração-compotas-expansão-escape trabalhem juntas durante um único ciclo. Isto fá-lo muito mais flexível na aceleração repentina ou na tomada. Mas o maior obstáculo para o desenvolvimento deste motor é que há um monte de desgaste. O pistão é triangular e transmite a energia diretamente para o virabrequim, sem qualquer elemento intermediário (Biel) girando no curso de pistão. Entretanto, os cantos do pistão do curso do pistão girarão para os riscos e o atrito aumenta à medida que a velocidade aumenta. Com o seu efeito, o pistão é severamente abrasão devido à incapacidade de lubrificação em altas velocidades. Se o pistão pode ser suficientemente difícil de construir, eu acho que este motor é muito mais popular e vai levar a uma nova descoberta no automotivo.

 

Por exemplo, o Mazda RX-8 900-libra do veículo com um volume de cilindro de 1,3 litros, que eu adicionei abaixo. O motor de 1,3 litros não deve ser subestimado porque utiliza o motor Wankel para produzir potência 231hp a 8200 rpm. E não usa Turbo ou Sobrecarregador ao fazê-lo. Então o ar entra na atmosfera do motor. O binário máximo do veículo é 211nm a 5500 rpm. A fim conseguir este poder com um tipo típico de motor, eu estimaria que um motor de cilindro de 3 litros seria exigido.

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