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¿Qué es el motor de Wankel? ¿Cómo funciona?

El motor de Wankel es un motor desarrollado por el ingeniero alemán Felix Wankel en 1954. El motor primero fue traído a la firma de NSU en Neckarsulm en Alemania en 1957. El motor de Wankel primero fue montado en el vehículo de la marca de fábrica de la araña de NSU en 1963. En 1967, el Ro 80 de NSU adoptó el motor de wankel del doble-disco. El NSU Ro 80 tenía un volumen de motor de 2 × 497, 5 cm3. En 5500 d/d, 136 HP estaba generando energía. El peso del motor fue de 103 kg. El cociente de la compresión era 9/1. En aquellos años que no sean NSU, la compañía japonesa Toyo Kogyo produjo un coche generador de energía con el motor de wankel. En 1972, la compañía americana del GM comenzó a utilizar un motor de Wankel 185hp para desarrollar el motor de wankel en 5 años gastando 50 millones dólares en sus coches. Una vez más, la American Ford Company ha hecho varios acuerdos para el uso del motor de wankel en sus propios vehículos. Aparte de éstos, Datsun en Holanda, Rolls-Royce en Gran Bretaña y Alfa Romeo companies en Italia estaban interesados en el motor de wankel. Hoy en día, la empresa Mazda utiliza este motor en el modelo RX7 y RX8.

 

Operación del motor de Wankel

La estructura interna del motor de Wankel es mucho más simple que un motor normal, contrariamente al pensamiento. En un cuerpo ovalado, un rotor giratorio (pistón rotativo) (dependiendo del diseño también puede ser 2-3-4 rotor) y árbol de levas (árbol de levas es el trabajo del cigüeñal en motores de 4 tiempos). el cilindro 4, 16-Valve, nacional de 2 levas está careciendo piezas móviles complejas según un motor moderno. El rotor está fijado al eje principal del motor con la ayuda de un interior y un engranaje externo. La aspiración, la compresión, el trabajo y los tiempos de escape se forman alrededor del rotor, siempre y cuando el motor esté en marcha. El mayor desafío del motor también es causado por esto. Debido al desgaste muy rápido del rotor, debe ser sustituido con frecuencia. Generalmente, los bordes del rotor hechos de material polimérico no son todavía fabricados por una sustancia difícil de usar.

 

Los motores de Wankel están trabajando según principios de cuatro tiempos. Cada vez que un ciclo completo del rotor, un trabajo ocurre según el motor de cuatro tiempos en cada tolva. El árbol de levas estará de vuelta en tres ciclos mientras tanto. El trabajo es el siguiente. El control del motor se suministra a través del conducto en la carcasa del cerramiento. El rotor está colocado sobre una leva del árbol de levas. El lado interno del rotor roscado del piñón, que se asegura dentro del cuerpo de la cubierta, es agarrado por el engranaje que se abre. El rotor está redondeado sobre el engranaje de piñón fijo. Crea una fuerza giratoria en el árbol de levas al rodar. Este movimiento rotacional del árbol de levas se transmite a la derivación. Además del cuerpo del motor refrigerado por agua, las bujías de encendido se encuentran en el lado opuesto de los conductos de aspiración y de escape.

 

Modelos del coche usando el motor de Wankel

 

Araña NSU

NSU Ro-80

Mazda R-100

Mazda RX-7

Mazda RX-8

 

Para evitar la vibración en los automóviles que utilizan este motor, se suelen utilizar 2 pistones. El motor de 4 tiempos dibuja una curva de torque mucho más suave que los motores de 4 tiempos, haciendo que el escape de succión-atascos-expansión-trabaje en conjunto durante un solo ciclo. Esto hace que sea mucho más flexible en la aceleración repentina o la adopción. Pero el mayor obstáculo para el desarrollo de este motor es que hay un montón de desgaste. El pistón es triangular y transmite la potencia directamente al cigüeñal, sin ningún elemento intermedio (Biel) girando en el curso del pistón. Mientras tanto, las esquinas del pistón del curso del pistón darán vuelta a los rasguños y la fricción aumenta a medida que aumenta la velocidad. Con su efecto, el pistón es severamente abrasión debido a la incapacidad de lubricar a altas velocidades. Si el pistón puede ser lo suficientemente difícil de construir, creo que este motor es mucho más popular y conducirá a un nuevo avance en el automóvil.

 

Por ejemplo, el Mazda RX-8 900-Pound del vehículo con un volumen del cilindro de 1,3 litros, que añadí abajo. El motor del 1,3-Liter no se debe subestimar porque utiliza el motor de Wankel para producir energía del 231hp en 8200 rpm. Y no utiliza el turbo o el sobrealimentador mientras que lo hace. Así que el aire entra en el motor atmosférico. El par máximo del vehículo se 211nm a 5500 rpm. Para alcanzar esta energía con un tipo típico de motor, estimaría que un motor del cilindro de 3 litros sería requerido.

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