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Hovercraft: veículo sem fronteiras

Um dos projetos mais interessantes na tecnologia de transporte, hovercraft é um candidato para o futuro. Flutuando acima do solo, esta máquina extraordinária, voando em terra e no mar, devido à capacidade de alcançar os cantos mais distantes do mundo sem fronteiras geográficas.

 

O princípio de funcionamento do hovercraft é que o veículo se move em um airbag. O ar comprimido mais elevado do que a pressão de ar normal é pulverizado para a base pelos motores e o veículo é cortado à terra. Assim, o veículo se move ligeiramente acima do solo. Além do movimento vertical, o movimento dianteiro do veículo é fornecido por motores de hélice posicionados perpendicularmente ao chão. A manobrabilidade também é devolvida em torno de seu próprio eixo e é fornecida com asas no lado traseiro do veículo. A seção inferior é revestida com um material flexível chamado de saia. Desta forma, o airbag é mantido em algum momento e a fuga de ar é prevenida.

 

A idéia de hovercraft foi moldada pela primeira vez pelo cientista sueco Emanuel Swendenborg em 1700. O Swendenborg alegou que o veículo poderia permanecer na água se o ar tivesse sido adequadamente pressionado um barco invertido. Mas o nível tecnológico do período foi muito retrógrado em termos de implementação deste projeto. Estudos mais sérios foram conduzidos pelo engenheiro britânico Sir John Isaac Thornycraft em 1870. Sabe-se que o engenheiro britânico fez algumas experiências e patenteou a idéia. Embora muitos cientistas diferentes fizeram vários projetos, nenhum deles conseguiu o suficiente para provar a teoria. Mas o inventor britânico Cristina galo descobriu os primeiros protótipos de sucesso na década de 1950, resolvendo todas as questões de design. Por causa desta conquista, galo, que foi agraciado com o título de "senhor", foi também o primeiro hovercraft bem sucedido a ser nomeado Sr-N1 no ano 1959.

 

Hoje, vemos que o gigante Sr-N4 passageiro hovercraft de veículos monolugar são fabricados para uma ampla gama de hovercraft. Desde a década de 1970, o Sr-N4 tem sido um dos veículos mais preferidos na França-UK viagens, com uma travessia extremamente rápida do mar. Este veículo enorme pode facilmente alcangar velocidades de até 90-100 quilômetros por a hora ao carreg 450 passageiros e 65 veículos confortavelmente.

 

Estes veículos, que também são usados em áreas militares, são muito convenientes de usar para fins de extração, assim que muitos países estão tomando posições ativas nas forças navais. Estes veículos, que não foram afetados pelo mar e minas terrestres, estavam ativamente envolvidos na guerra do Golfo, como eles não tocam o chão.

 

A principal vantagem do hovercraft é que ele é rápido, mas não precisa de qualquer estrada ou porto. O consumo de combustível é muito baixo porque não está exposto à força de atrito.

 

No início dos anos 1960, pensou-se que o hovercraft rápido poderia ser explorado em mares, desertos ou áreas cobertas de gelo. Mas em pouco tempo, os problemas foram realizados; As partes freqüentes e capacidade de manobra do efeito de água salgada fez com que este veículo não fosse exatamente o que era esperado. Mas graças à evolução da tecnologia, este projeto será melhorado.

 

Agora é possível dizer que o overcraft terá um lugar único no transporte se eles são purificados de suas fraquezas e desenvolvidos em áreas onde é bom.

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