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Izum mikroskopa

Mikroskop je optični instrument, ki omogoča sliko, da preuèi nekaj leče s pomočjomajhne predmete, ki niso vidne s prostim očesom. Prvič, kot že ime pove, pregled mikrobov je dejansko glavna storitev na področju industrija, Metalurgija, genetika, geologija, arheologija in kriminologije.

 

Kdo je izumil mikroskop?

Mikroskopija je priznala, da nizozemski Zacharias Janssen prvič ustvarili teleskop leta 1590. Ampak tokrat, drugi nizozemski, nemški, angleški in italijanski znanstveniki tudi spoznal, da bi se obrnil teleskop uporabljajo za povečavo predmete. Slavni italijanski učenjak Galilei Galileo (1564-1642) dva leče, izdal ga je papež, pod pogojem, daSvet je obrnila sonce, ki je izpostavljen inkvizicije in opustila svetu v sončne etrâf. Imel je nekaj doživetje using to. Glavna načela današnji mikroskopa je bilo ugotovljenov umetniku nizozemski regijske van Leeuwenhoek in britanski Robert Hook.

 

Posebno mikroskopi

 

Stereoskopski mikroskopi:

Stereoskopski mikroskopi so bile narejene za zagotavljanje tridimenzionalne slike organov. Dve mikroskopi so od montaže na vrhu stativa v obliki optični sistem. Te mikroskopi so primerni za biologijo laboratorije.

 

Mikroskop metalurški:

Močan vir svetlobe je bil dodan mikroskopom, ker mineralne dele ne gre luči. Svetlobe iz vira se pregleda z odsevom svetlobe, ki se odraža v objektiv.

 

Mikroskopa:

Sliko lahko poveča več milijonkrat z elektroni pridobiti slike v elektronsko mikroskopijo. Toliko Povečava je, da je višina valov elektrona je nekaj tisočkrat manjša od valovne dolžine svetlobe. Elektronskim mikroskopom uporablja tudi pri znanstvenih raziskavah, preizkusiti zelo majhne predmete, kot so atomi in virusi.

 

Oddajno mikroskop:

Oddajno mikroskopi so uporabljena pri proučitvi kristalne strukture iz površinske podobe kovine ali polprevodnikov. Zelo novo tehniko, ki loči te mikroskopi od elektronov in optični mikroskopi, je dogodek elektronov ali ion breakout (emisijski) iz predmeta namesto prehodu svetlobe ali foton iz telesa. Emisije, ki jih električnega polja. Elektrode iz kovine, da pregledajo pade na zaslon, ki je podoben TV tube, sledov po kristalne strukture. Ta slika kristalne strukture lahko tudi fotografirali. Elektronskim mikroskopom ima funkcijo povečave. Slika je zelo ostro in podrobno.

 

Polarizacija mikroskop:

To je optični mikroskop, opremljena z dveh vidikov Nicol ali dva polarna primerji z vrtljivo mizo. Polarizacija Nicol postavi pod ploščo pošlje polarizirana svetloba na predmetu; Analitik Nicol se nahaja nekoliko zgoraj objektiv. Ko izpolnjujejo teh dveh vidikov, mikroskopsko polje zatemnjeno, razen za snovi z določeno silo hitrosti ali napodročjih, kjer najdemo dvojno krhke snovi.

 

Nasproti fazi mikroskop:

Tem mikroskopom omogoča nastanek majhne spremembe v lomni indeksov predmetov, preučila. Optična nastavitev, ki Zernike najde je uporabna za iskanje zelo majhne fazi spremembe vibracij iz predmeta pregleda; V to, obročaste opne v obravnavoin na zadnji strani objektiva, nameščena na diapozitiv, ki naredi razliko fazi. Fazne spremembe v telesu tvorilo svetle variacije na sliki, ampak tudi optični debeline razlikedo 30-40 Angström lahko enostavno najti. To mikroskop se uporablja biologi preizkusiti živih organizmov.

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