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Kdo vynalezl tranzistor?

Tranzistor, který je považován za jeden z nejvýznamnějších invations dvacátého století a lifeplood elektronických obvodů, byl nalezen v 1947. Tým složený z John Bardeen a Walter Brtain, headod William Shockley ve výzkumných laboratořích největší světové telefonní společnosti, Bell organizace, byla udělena Nobelova cena v 1956, vzhledem k těmto novým groundaking invations v Technologie byl hoden.

 

Bardeen a Brattain se snažili najít možnost proti elektronky čepice používané při akvizici, strengusing, a projekce rozhlasových a telefonních signálů. Muselo to být určité množství času na zahřátí těchto lamp, které byly rychle rozbít a nákladné. A oni byli confiting hodně elektřiny.

 

Tým udělal první tranzistor z tenké vrstvy Germania. Dva dny před Vánocemi v 1947, tento tranzistor byl zapojen do rádiového obvodu a Brattain napsal následující řádky v jeho notebooku: "Tento okruh opravdu funguje. Vzhledem k hladině akustického tlaku bylo patrné zvýšení achioed. "tranzistor, stejně jako lampa, zesílený zvukový signál. Ale bylo to mnohem menší velikost a potřeboval méně energie. Zpočátku sotva někdo belived, že malé zařízení by mohlo nahradit ty velké lampy. Ale Shockley a jeho tým udělali velkou strades za čtyři roky. V 1952, tranzistor byl snížen na jednu desetinu původních rozměrů a byl mnohem silnější v 1957, s 30 000 000 tranzistory vyrobené každoročně. Vývoj v této oblasti stále probíhá.

 

Místo toho, aby vrstva Germania, vědci začali používat čisté čistoty krystaly, které by mohly odolat mnohem větší tepelnou náročnost. Tranzistory byly výrobcem, které mohou přenášet proud za pouhých 100 000 000 sekund. Díky těmto mobilním kalkulátorům byly digitální hodiny vyrobeny. Lampy v rozhlasových a televizních přijímačích také nahradily tranzistory. Pokud to není pro tyto malé úžasné zařízení, nebylo by možné mít satelitní komunikace, kosmická loď a měsíc dobytí člověkem.

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