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Wer erfand den Transistor?

Der Transistor, der als einer der wichtigsten invations des zwanzigsten Jahrhunderts und der lifeplood der elektronischen Schaltungen gilt, wurde in 1947 gefunden. Das Team bestehend aus John Bardeen und Walter Brtain, headod von William Shockley in den Labors der weltweit grössten Telefongesellschaft, Bell Organisationen, wurde aufgrund dieser neuen groundaking invations im Jahr 1956 mit dem Nobelpreis ausgezeichnet. Technologie er war würdig.

 

Bardeen und die Brattain versuchten, eine Option gegen die Glühkathoden-zu finden, die beim Erwerb, der strengusing und der Projektion von Radio-und Telefon-Signalen verwendet werden. Es musste ein gewisses Maß an Zeit, um diese Lampen, die schnell zu brechen und teuer waren zu erwärmen. Und Sie waren confiting eine Menge Elektrizität.

 

Das Team machte den ersten Transistor von einer dünnen Germanium Schicht. Zwei Tage vor Weihnachten bei 1947, dieser Transistor wurde in ein Radio-Schaltung eingesteckt und Brattain schrieb die folgenden Zeilen in seinem Notebook: "diese Schaltung funktioniert wirklich." Wegen des gesunden Niveaus war eine spürbare Erhöhung achioed. "der Transistor, genau wie die Lampe, verstärkt das Audiosignal." Aber es war viel kleiner in der Größe und brauchte weniger Energie. Anfangs war kaum jemand belebend, dass ein kleines Gerät diese großen Lampen ersetzen könnte. Aber Shockley und sein Team haben in vier Jahren große strades gemacht. In 1952, wurde der Transistor auf ein Zehntel der ursprünglichen Abmessungen gesenkt und war viel stärker in 1957, mit 30 Millionen Transistoren pro Jahr produziert. Die Entwicklungen in diesem Bereich sind noch nicht abgeschlossen.

 

Statt der Germanium Schicht, begannen Wissenschaftler, reine Reinheit Kristalle zu verwenden, die viel mehr Hitze Intensität standhalten konnten. Transistoren waren Hersteller, die den Strom in so wenig wie 100 Millionen Sekunden übertragen können. Dank dieser mobilen Taschenrechner wurden digitale Uhren gemacht. Die Lampen in Radio-und TV-Receivern ersetzten auch die Transistoren. Wenn es nicht für diese kleinen awesome Geräte, wäre es nicht möglich, Satelliten-Kommunikation, Raumschiff und die Eroberung des Mondes durch den Menschen.

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