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Những người phát minh ra transistor?

Bóng bán dẫn, được coi là một trong những invations quan trọng nhất của thế kỷ 20 và lifeplood của mạch điện tử, đã được tìm thấy vào năm 1947. Đội bao gồm John Bardeen và Walter Brtain, headod bởi William Shockley trong phòng thí nghiệm nghiên cứu của công ty điện thoại lớn nhất trên thế giới, các tổ chức Bell, đã được trao giải Nobel năm 1956, do các invations groundaking mới trong Công nghệ ông là xứng đáng.

 

Bardeen và Brattain đã cố gắng để tìm thấy một tùy chọn đối với mũ thermionic được sử dụng trong việc mua lại, strengusing, và chiếu các tín hiệu vô tuyến và điện thoại. Nó đã là một số tiền nhất định của thời gian để làm ấm những đèn đã được nhanh chóng để phá vỡ và tốn kém. Và họ đã confiting rất nhiều điện năng.

 

Đội ngũ làm bóng bán dẫn đầu tiên từ một lớp mỏng gecmani. Hai ngày trước lễ Giáng sinh tại năm 1947, bóng bán dẫn này đã được cắm vào một mạch radio và Brattain đã viết các dòng sau trong máy tính xách tay của mình: "mạch này thực sự làm việc. Vì mức độ âm thanh, một độ cao đáng chú ý là achioed. "Bóng bán dẫn, giống như đèn, khuếch đại tín hiệu âm thanh. Nhưng nó là kích thước nhỏ hơn nhiều và cần ít năng lượng hơn. Lúc đầu, hầu như không ai belived một thiết bị nhỏ có thể thay thế những đèn lớn. Nhưng Shockley và nhóm của ông đã thực hiện tuyệt vời strades trong bốn năm. Năm 1952, transistor được hạ xuống đến một phần mười kích thước ban đầu và là rất mạnh mẽ hơn vào năm 1957, với 30 transistor được sản xuất bởi hàng năm. Phát triển trong khu vực này sẽ vẫn còn tiếp diễn.

 

Thay vì các lớp gecmani, các nhà khoa học đã bắt đầu sử dụng tinh thể nguyên chất tinh khiết, có thể chịu được cường độ nhiệt lớn hơn nhiều. Bóng bán dẫn đã là nhà sản xuất, có thể truyền tải hiện hành trong ít nhất là một trăm triệu giây. Nhờ vào các máy tính điện thoại di động, đồng hồ kỹ thuật số đã được thực hiện. Đèn tại Đài phát thanh và truyền hình thu cũng thay thế các bóng bán dẫn. Nếu nó không phải dành cho các thiết bị nhỏ này awesome, nó sẽ không thể có thông tin liên lạc vệ tinh, tàu vũ trụ và chinh phục Mặt Trăng bởi người đàn ông.

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