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Kdo je izumil tranzistor?

Tranzistor, ki velja za enega najpomembnejših invations dvajsetega stoletja in lifeplood elektronskih vezij, je bilo leta 1947. Ekipa, sestavljena iz John Bardeen in Walter Brtain, headod z William Shockley v raziskovalnih laboratorijih največja telefonska podjetja, organizacije Bell, dobil Nobelovo nagrado leta 1956, zaradi te nove groundaking invations v Tehnologija je bil vreden.

 

Bardeen in je Brattain skušali najti možnost proti Žarilnokatodne kape, ki se uporabljajo v pridobitev, strengusing, in projekcija radijskih in telefonskih signalov. Bi moral biti določen čas toplo teh svetilk, ki so bili hitro za prekinitev in drago. In so bili confiting veliko električne energije.

 

Ekipa prvi tranzistor iz germanija tanko plast. Dva dni pred božičem na 1947, ta tranzistor je bil priključen radijsko vezje in Brattain zapisal naslednje vrstice v svojo beležko: "to vezje res deluje. Zaradi hrupa, je bil opazen dvig achioed. "Tranzistor, tako kot svetilka, dopolnjena zvočni signal. Vendar je bilo veliko manjši po velikosti in potrebuje manj energije. Na prvi, komaj kdo belived, da bi lahko nadomestili drobcen načrt teh velikih svetilk. Vendar Shockley in njegova ekipa so veliko strades v štirih letih. Leta 1952, tranzistor je bila znižana za eno desetino prvotne dimenzije in je bilo veliko močnejši leta 1957, s 30 milijonov tranzistorjev, ki jih vsako leto. Razvoj na tem področju še vedno potekajo.

 

Namesto germanij plast, znanstveniki začeli uporabljati čisto čistosti kristali, ki bi vzdržala veliko večja intenzivnost toplote. Tranzistorji so proizvajalec, ki lahko prenašajo toka v manj kot sto milijonov sekund. Zaradi teh mobilnih kalkulatorji, digitalne ure so bile narejene. Svetilke v radijskih in televizijskih sprejemnikov nadomesti tudi tranzistorjev. Če ni za te malo super naprave, ne bi bilo mogoče, da so satelitske komunikacije, vesoljska plovila in lune osvojitvi jih človek.

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