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Aki az Evangelista Torricelli? , a találmány a barométer
Evangelista Torricelli született 1608. október 15., Faenza olasz város, halt meg 1647. október 5., Firenzében. Ő az a híres olasz fizika és matematika tudós ismert a kísérletek a nyitott légnyomás.
Ő hívta fel a figyelmet a gyermekkori kíváncsiság matematika. 1627-ben Rómába ment, és munkás-val Benedetto Castelli, Hidraulika tudomány megalapítója és a kereslet a Galilei. Levelezés Galilei 1641-ben kezdte. Ugyanebben az évben, Castelli ajánlásával, Galileo meghívott Torricelli Toszkána. Néhány hét után találkozó a Galileo, amikor Galilei meghalt, s át Torricelli, Toszkána nagy herceg, irodájában. 1644-ben kiadott egy könyvet a geometria és a mechanika. Ebben a könyvben, amely kitölti a matematika terén jelentős szakadék, az első munkája a Galileo mechanika, a közös gravitációs központja összekapcsolt szervek mozog lefelé, míg a hirtelen mozgások elve is ő volt összekötő.
Víz, helyett Torricelli volt a bölcsesség, hogy a csaj (folyadék az enyém), melyik voltnehezebb, mint tizenhárom és fél idő, így az oszlop magassága rövidült egyaránt. Így Torricelli végzett az első barométer; Egyik végén eldugult, és egy üveg cső tele higany. Ez a cső fordult fejjel lefelé, és a nyitott vége mártott egy kád, újra tele a higany. Néhány, a higany a cső ömlik a fürdőkád és a higany oszlop ereszkedik akár760 milliméteres a cső. Majd higany tömege megegyezik a légköri nyomást. Eredményeképpen kísérletek higanyt töltött csövek a nyomás, a tengerszint felett volt 1033gr/cm ². A geometria és a mechanika, senki sem törődött az ötleteket először. Torricelli is megpróbáltak mentora, a Galileo távcső és a saját Mikroszkóp.
1643 Torricelli most feltalált az eszközt, melyet a higany barométert levegő nyomásának mérésére.
Ugyanakkor a Blaise Pascal gondoltam a barométer segítségével méri amagasságot. Mivel a tömeg a légkör határozza meg, hogy a magasság, a higany, a cső belsejében, ez a magasság csökken a tetején egy hegy; A hegy tetején a levegő réteg magassága kisebb, mint a tenger szintje, és a súlya kevesebb lesz. Ennek megfelelően a magassága a higany oszlop azt jelzi, melyik magasság vagyunk: Ez a lényege a magasságmérő (magasság mérő).
Később a változást a légkörben, csökkenti a súlyát a légkör, és a higany oszlop magassága replikálására volt érthető. Így a változás levegő Jóslás megtudta, megnézi abarométer markerek; Ennek megfelelően a tengerszint felett, higany 760 mm magasságban annak a jele az "gyönyörű Időjárás". Légköri nyomás által barométer, amelyek levegő elvezetését kannák is meg kell mérni.
Hogyan működik?
A megnövekedett légnyomás higany tolódik, és hogy a bal kar biztosít. Eközben a higany szintje, a jobb karja csökken. A tömeg, hogy nagyon kevés fény higany felett lebeg, és emelkedik vele. A kötél és a tekercs, attól függően, hogy a súly és az ellensúly, működik, mint egy csiga rig, és azok is mozoghat, együtt. Emelkedik a légnyomás,a mérleg romlik, és a higany növeli, annál alacsonyabb a levegő nyomás, a magasabb az egyensúlyt, és annál alacsonyabb a higany szintje. Ez teszi a világos és pontosmérése.
Bár a barométer
A működési elvét a sáv barométer egy nagyon egyszerű. A légnyomás, a jobb tározó alkalmazott legmagasabb tengerszint nyomás és a folyadék szintje a bal karnöveli. A szakadék a bal karját kell egy vákuum. Ha a gáz, a nyomás emelkedik, és kezd nyomja. Ez okozza, hogy a mérés a tényleges értéke alatt jelennek meg.
Aneroid barométer
A vákuum kapszula hordozza a "B" mozgalom csekély előrehaladást az "a" levegő nyomás változik. Egy kis kar, "c", ez a mozgás erősíti, és továbbítja azt az "e" reel a kisláncon keresztül kíván ". Az "F" elhelyezni a tekercs azt mutatja, a folyamatjelző és a "g" pontosabb eredmény stabilizátor.
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