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Ki je Evangelista Torricelli? , izum v barometer

Evangelista Torricelli je rodil oktobra 15, 1608, v italijansko mesto Faenza, umrl 5 oktobra 1647 v Firencah. On je slavni italijanski fiziki in matematiki znanstvenik poznanzaradi svojih poskusov na prostem tlak.

 

Je opozoril na svoje otroštvo radovednost o matematiki. Leta 1627 je odšel v Rim indelal z Benedetto Castelli, ustanovitelj hidravlika znanosti in povpraševanje Galilei. Je začel korespondenco z Galilei v 1641. Istega leta je na priporočilo Castelli, Galileopovabil Torricelli v Toskana. Nekaj tednov po srečanju z Galileo, ko je umrl Galilei, menjali Torricelli, veliki vojvoda Toskane, v njegovi pisarni. Leta 1644 je objavil knjigoo geometriji in mehaniki. V tej knjigi, ki zapolnjuje pomembno vrzel na področju matematike, prvo delo Galileo mehanike, skupne teže centri med seboj povezanih organov, premakniti navzdol, medtem ko načelo nenadne premike lahko, je bilo povezovanje.

 

Namesto vode, Torricelli je modrost naj bejba (tekočina rudnik), ki je bil težji od trinajst in pol krat, tako višino stolpca je bil skrajšan enako. Tako Torricelli izvedli prvi barometer; En konec je zamašena in steklenih cevi, napolnjene z živim srebrom. Ta cevje obrnjen na glavo, in odprtim koncem se potopi v kad, ki je napolnjena z živim srebrom znova. Nekaj živega srebra v cev tokov v kad in živosrebrnega stolpca spuščado 760 mm v cev. Nato težo srebra znaša atmosferski tlak. Zaradi poskusov z Merkurja-napolni cevi, pritisk na morski gladini je bila 1033 gr/cm ². V geometriji in mehaniki, nihče ne skrbijo o svoje ideje najprej. Torricelli tudi poskušal razviti svojega mentorja, Galileo teleskop in lastno mikroskopom.

 

1643 Torricelli zdaj je izumil napravo, imenovano živosrebrni Barometer za merjenjezračnega tlaka.

 

Ob istem času, Blaise Pascal misel od using barometer za merjenje nadmorske višine. Ker Teža vzdušje določi višino živega srebra v notranjosti cevi, se ta višina zniža na vrhu gore; Na vrhu gore, višina plasti zraka manjša od nadmorske višine in teže bo manj. Zato označuje višino živosrebrnega stolpca ki zvišanje, smo v: to je bistvovišinomer (merilnik nadmorske višine).

 

Kasneje, je bil razumeti spremembe v ozračju, zmanjševanje teže vzdušje in posnema višino živosrebrnega stolpca. Tako napoved zraka sprememb naučila pogledate barometer markerji; Zato na morski gladini, Merkur na višini 760 milimetrov je znak "lepo vreme". Atmosferski tlak se lahko meri z moje barometre, ki so zraka odcejene pločevinke.

 

Kako deluje?

 

Povečan zračni tlak premakne živosrebrnega stolpca in zagotavlja dvig na levo roko. Medtem, zmanjšuje vsebnost živega srebra v desno roko. Teža, ki je zelo malo svetlobe lebdi nad živo srebro in povišanja. Vrv in kolutu, odvisno od teže in protiutež, deluje kot škripec ploščad in jih lahko premaknete skupaj. Zračni tlak dvigne, stanje poslabša in živo srebro povečuje, nižja zrak pritisk, višje stanje in nižja vsebnost živega srebra. To je jasno in natančno merjenje.

 

Bar Barometer

 

Princip bar barometer je zelo preprosta. Zračni tlak, ki pravi rezervoar je najvišji tlakna nadmorski višini in povečuje ravni tekočine v levo roko. Vrzel v levo roko, mora biti vakuumu. Če je plin, tlak dvigne in začne se potiska. To povzroča merjenje pojavljati pod dejansko vrednostjo.


 

Barometer Barometer

 

Vakuumski kapsulo nosi "B" gibanja z rahlo napredek z "a" sprememba tlaka zraka.Mala ročica, "c", krepi to gibanje in to prenaša na "e" kolutu skozi majhna veriga bi". "F", postavljen na kolutu kaže najbolj natančen rezultat kazalnika bar in "g" stabilizator.

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