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Wie is Alfred Bernhard Nobel?

Alfred Bernhard Nobel (21 oktober 1833, Stockholm, Zweden – 10 December 1896,San Remo, Italië), Zweeds scheikundige en ingenieur, uitvinder van dynamiet.

 

Hij zocht de manier om te gebruiken van nitroglycerine als explosieve stof. In 1863begonnen hij met het maken van een kleine hoeveelheid nitroglycerine in Stockholm. Aan het einde van een paar maanden van onderzoek stortte het lab met een explosie. Voortzetting van zijn werkzaamheden, Alfred Nobel een nieuwe fabriek in 1865 opgericht en na een tijdje, opende hij zijn tweede fabriek. In 1864 hij nam van de resultaten van zijn onderzoek en vond het dynamiet poeder. Voortzetting van zijn onderzoek, ontwierp Nobel een nieuw soort buskruit genaamd Balistit in 1877. In 1879richtte de Nobel een laboratorium in de in de omgeving van Parijs, waar hij vond het afstotend buskruit, die smokeless buskruit tijdens zijn studies heette, bestaande uitnitrocellulose mengsel van nitroglycerine in gelijke hoeveelheden.

 

Een paar jaar later, hij diende een rechtszaak tegen de Britse regering op een explosieve stof genaamd kordit, maar hij verloor de zaak. In een alliantie tegen Frankrijk indeze periode samengewerkt Nobel met Italië, Parijs te verlaten als gevolg van de campagnes tegen Italië, verhuisde naar San Remo, waar hij zijn laboratorium verplaatst.

Nobel stierf aan hersenbloeding in San Remo in 1896. In zijn testament wilde hij zijnerfdeel in de richting van de Nobelprijzen en de 33,2 miljoen kronen te worden voorgelegd aan de dienst van de mensheid jaarlijks worden gebruikt.

 

Deze awards zou worden uitgereikt in een totaal van vijf takken, met inbegrip van natuurkunde, scheikunde, geneeskunde of fysiologie, literatuur en vrede. De Nobel zal een groot debat voordat dit testament hebben gemaakt. Echter, in 1900 de Nobelprijs in de Zweedse regering opgericht de Stichting van Nobel, die regelmatig werdgegeven. De Zweedse bank besloten om een economische prijs ter nagedachtenis van Alfred Nobel verderop in 1968, en de prijs werd voor het eerst uitgereikt in 1969.

 

Nobelium, een scheikundig element, werd vernoemd in zijn geheugen.

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