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Quem é Alfred Bernhard Nobel?

Alfred Bernhard Nobel (21 de outubro de 1833, Estocolmo, Suécia – 10 de dezembro de 1896, San Remo, Itália), químico e engenheiro sueco, inventor da dinamite.

 

Ele procurou o caminho para usar nitroglicerina como uma substância explosiva. Em 1863 ele começou a fazer uma pequena quantidade de nitroglicerina em Estocolmo. No final de alguns meses de pesquisa, o laboratório desmoronou com uma explosão. Continuando seu trabalho, Alfred Nobel fundou uma nova fábrica em 1865, e depois de um tempo, ele abriu sua segunda fábrica. Em 1864 ele pegou os resultados de sua pesquisa e encontrou o pó de dinamite. Continuando sua pesquisa, o Nobel projetou um novo tipo de pólvora chamada Balistit em 1877. Em 1879, o Nobel fundou um laboratório no próximo Paris, onde encontrou a pólvora repelente, que foi chamada de pólvora sem fumaça durante seus estudos, consistindo em mistura de nitrocelulose de nitroglicerina em quantidades iguais.

 

Alguns anos depois, ele apresentou um processo contra o governo britânico em uma substância explosiva chamada Kordit, mas ele perdeu o caso. Em uma aliança contra a França durante este período, o Nobel cooperado com a Itália, deixando Paris como resultado das campanhas contra a Itália, mudou-se para San Remo, onde mudou o seu laboratório.

O Nobel morreu de hemorragia cerebral em San Remo em 1896. Em sua vontade, ele queria que sua herança fosse usada na direção dos prémios Nobel e as 33,2 milhões coroas a serem apresentadas ao serviço da humanidade todos os anos.

 

Estes prémios seriam atribuídos num total de cinco ramos, incluindo a física, a química, a medicina ou a fisiologia, a literatura e a paz. O Nobel terá feito um grande debate antes deste testamento. No entanto, em 1900, o prêmio Nobel do governo sueco fundou a Fundação Nobel, que foi dado regularmente. Mais tarde, em 1968, o banco sueco decidiu dar um prêmio econômico em memória de Alfred Nobel, eo prêmio foi atribuído pela primeira vez em 1969.

 

Um elemento sintético foi nomeado em sua memória.

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